Symptoms And Treatment Of The German Psychiatrist Karl...

The condition was estimated in 2014 to affect 2.2 percent of the population or approximately 5.3 million adults in the United States aged 18 or older. An estimated 51% of individuals with this condition are untreated in any given year. Suicide is the number one cause of premature death among people with bipolar disorder, with 15 percent to 17 percent taking their own lives.( (National Institute of Mental Health.(2015). The German psychiatrist Karl Leonhard in 1957, was the first to separate bipolar affective disorders (people with manic-depressive disorders or circular) and monopolar (people with only history of depression or mania only). This proposal was finally imposed in the current qualifying conception of mood disorders, so that the term bipolar refers to all cases in which attending or has completed a syndrome of mania or hypomania. (Perris C. (1990 )) Since the seventies, in the United States it has been using the distinction between Bipolar I and Bipolar II. The f irst would be those cases where there has been an episode of mania, while the latter would have simply been episodes of hypomania. Now, still the pathophysiology and etiology of bipolar disorder is unknown, and possibly concealed under this term several different disorders that are not able today to identify (Peters, A. at. Al. (2014). Doctors and scientists do not know exactly what causes bipolar disorder, but they think it may be related to biochemical, genetic and environmentalShow MoreRelatedThe Prevalence Of Bipolar Disorder And The Social Implications Associated With It1348 Words   |  6 Pagessocial implications associated with it. Although there were a number of theorist that studied depression, Emil Kraepelin, a German psychiatrist recognized that there were biological implications that attributed to mental illnesses. Kraepelin’s Manic Depressive Insanity and Paranoia outlined bipolar disorder. Years later another German psychiatrist by the name of Karl Leonhard started the professional classification system for the disorder. (http://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder/history-bipolar#2)Read MoreBipolar Disorder : The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders1379 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1957, Karl Leonhard a German psychologist coined the term ‘bipolar’ for those patients with depression that also experienced mania. In 1966, Jules Angst and C. Perris independently demonstrated that unipolar depression disorder could be differentiated in terms of clinical presentation, evolution, family history and therapeutic response. Their ideas stood the test of time and became assimilated in both the two main modern systems of classification for the diagnosis of mental disorder: the DiagnosticRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Health1840 Words   |  8 Pagesusually accompanied with hypomanic episodes and depressive episodes, and they typically do not experience mania or psychosis. There is also bipolar disorder not otherwise specified, or BP-NOS, which is the diagnosis given to patients who experience symptoms of the illness, but they do not meet the criteria for bipolar I or bipolar II. Another form of this illness is cyclothymia. This is a very mild form of bipolar disorder. Patients diagnosed with cyclothymia often experience hypomania and mild depression

The Diversity Of Living Things - 1613 Words

Caroline Shepherd STSE Diversity of Living Things 1. Benefits to human intervention: -Providing animals to a secure environment where humans will not interact with the animals. -Creation of animal protection law Risks to human intervention: -Destruction of habitat -Increase in pollution -Overexploitation -Introduction of invasive species 2. Climate change would have an impact on all members of the food chain. There would be lots of habitat loss and animals would have to try to move to a different location for food and then the animals that hunted those animals would have to find a new food source and some plants would be affected and die off because they cannot move. This would affect the diversity because then the populations would be†¦show more content†¦7. The increase of ocean temperatures would cause the coral to go through something called coral bleaching. Coral bleaching is what happens when there is a loss of the algae on the coral. The increase in ocean temperatures damages the algae and soon kills the coral too. An increase in ocean temperature would mean that the coral would die, and all the species that used coral for food and shelter would die off along with it. 8. The longer growing seasons or two harvests, have affected the biodiversity of agricultural lands by allowing there to be more diversity between all the crops. This is a positive outcome, however, if the farmer is monocropping, then that will damage the health of the soil. 9. A species such as the Massasauga rattlesnake would be drastically affected by increased water levels in their habitats. Snakes slither along the ground and would therefore be at a disadvantage in water. Some snakes have adapted and become able to swim, but the Massasauga rattlesnake does not, and if it were to do so, that would take a very long time to do so, possibly they would be extinct before then. Their dens are also holes in the ground, increased water levels would be a problem in case of flooding. Genetics 1. Discrimination, inappropriate applications of genetic testing, it is unnatural, a bit of uncertainty 2. Computational biology: the science of

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 40 Free Essays

string(53) " And if you don’t believe me, try it yourself\." Mad Nipper When I wake, the rain has stopped, but I am shivering. I sit up, and my whole body hurts. My overcoat is gone. We will write a custom essay sample on The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 40 or any similar topic only for you Order Now My leather loafers are gone. All the money I had in my pocket is gone. My leather belt is gone. The new watch my mother gave me for Christmas is gone. I touch my fingers to my face, and they turn red. Looking around, I see that I am on a narrow street full of parked cars. Row houses on either side. Some are boarded up, many of the porches and steps attached to the fronts are in need of repair, and the streetlights above are not on – maybe smashed by rocks – making the whole world look dark. I am not in a good neighborhood, with no money, shoes, or any idea where I am. Part of me wants to lie on the sidewalk forever, but I’m afraid those bad people might come back to finish me off, and before I can really think about anything, I’m on my feet, limping down the block. My right thigh muscle feels locked in place, and I cannot bend my right knee very well. One house on the block is decorated for Christmas. On the porch is a manger scene with a plastic Mary and Joseph – both black. I limp toward Baby Jesus, thinking that people celebrating the holiday are more likely to help me than people without Christmas decorations, because – in the Bible – Jesus says we should help shoeless people who have been mugged. When I finally get to the decorated row house, a funny thing happens. Instead of knocking on the door, I limp over to the black Mary and Joseph because I want to look into the manger and see if Baby Jesus is black too. My cramped leg screams with pain and gives out just as I reach the Nativity scene. On my hands and one knee, between His parents, I see that Baby Jesus is really black and plugged in – his dark face glows like amber, and a stream of white light blasts up through His little baby chest. Squinting, taking in the light of Baby Jesus, I instantly realize that I was mugged because I cursed God, so I pray and say I’m sorry and I understand what God is telling me – that I need to work on my character some more before I will be allowed to find apart time’s end. My pulse is pounding so hard in my ears that I do not even hear the front door open, nor do I hear a man walk out onto the porch. â€Å"What you doin’ to Aunt Jasmine’s Nativity scene?† the man says. And when I turn my head, God lets me know He has accepted my apology. When they first brought Danny to the bad place, he wouldn’t talk. Like me and everyone else, he had a scar, but his was much larger and on the back of his head, making a bright pink line in his Afro. For a month or so, he just sort of sat in a chair by the window of his room as speech therapists visited and left frustrated. Me and the boys would stop in and say hello, but Danny only looked out the window when we talked to him, so we thought he was one of the people whose brain trauma was so bad he was most likely going to be a vegetable for the rest of his life – sort of like my roommate, Jackie. But after a month or so, Danny started taking his meals in the cafeteria with the rest of us, attending music and group therapy sessions, and even going on a few group excursions to the shops by the harbor and the Orioles games down at Camden Yards. It was obvious that he understood words and even was pretty normal – he just wouldn’t talk. I don’t remember how long it took, but after a time, Danny started talking again, and I happened to be the first person he spoke to. A girl from some fancy college in Baltimore came in to provide what we were told were â€Å"non-traditional treatments.† We had to volunteer for the sessions, as this girl was not a real therapist yet. We were skeptical at first, but when she came to promote the program, we were soon persuaded by her girlish figure and cute, innocent-looking face. She was very nice and quite attractive, so we all did whatever she said, hoping to keep her around – especially since there were no women patients in the bad place and the nurses were extremely ugly. For the first week, our college student had us look into mirrors a lot as she encouraged us to really get to know ourselves, which was pretty out-there. She’d say things like, â€Å"Study your nose. Look at it until you really know it. Watch how it moves when you breathe in deeply. Appreciate the miracle of respiration. Now look at your tongue. Not just the top, but underneath. Study it. Contemplate the miracles of taste and speech.† But then one day she paired us randomly, had us sit facing each other, and told us to stare into our partner’s eyes. She had us do this for a long time, and it was quite weird because the room was completely silent, and men do not usually look into each other’s eyes for long periods of time. Then she started telling us to imagine that our partner was someone we missed, or someone we had hurt in the past, or a family member we hadn’t seen for many years. She told us to see this person through our partner’s eyes, until that person was in front of us. Looking into another person’s eyes for an extended period of time proved to be a powerful thing. And if you don’t believe me, try it yourself. You read "The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 40" in category "Essay examples" Of course I began to see Nikki, which was strange because I was staring into Danny’s eyes, and Danny is a six-foot-three black man who looks nothing like my ex-wife. Even still, as my pupils remained locked on Danny’s, it was as if I were looking directly into Nikki’s eyes. I was the first one to start crying, but others followed. Our college girl came over, said I was brave, and then hugged me, which was nice. Danny said nothing. That night I woke up to the sound of Jackie’s grunting. When I opened my eyes, it took a few seconds for my pupils to adjust, but when they did, I saw Danny standing over me. â€Å"Danny?† I said. â€Å"My name’s not Danny.† His voice scared me because I was not expecting him to speak, especially since he had not spoken to anyone since he arrived. â€Å"The name’s Mad Nipper.† â€Å"What do you want?† I asked him. â€Å"Why are you in our room?† â€Å"I only wanted to tell you my street name, so we could be boys. But we’re not on the streets right now, so you can keep calling me Danny.† And then Danny walked out of my room and Jackie quit grunting. Everyone in the bad place was pretty shocked when Danny began speaking regularly the next day. The doctors said he was experiencing a breakthrough, but it wasn’t like that. Danny just decided to talk. We really did become boys and did just about everything together in the bad place, including our exercise routine. And little by little I found out Danny’s story. As Mad Nipper he was a rising gansta rapper from North Philadelphia who had signed on with a small record label in NYC called Tougher Trade. He was playing a club in Baltimore when some beef broke loose, and somehow – Danny often changed the details of his story, so I can’t say what happened for certain – he was struck in the back of the head with a tire iron, driven to the harbor, and thrown in. Most of the time Danny claimed that a Baltimore rap group – one that was scheduled to perform before Mad Nipper – asked him to smoke up in an alleyway behind the club, but when he went outside with these other rappers, they started giving him some shit about headlining in their neighborhood. When he brought up his superior record sales, the lights went out, and he woke up dead, which is actually true, as his file says he was dead for a few minutes before the EMTs managed to revive him. Lucky for Danny, somebody heard the splash Mad Nipper made when he entered the harbor, and this person fished him out and yelled for help right after the other rappers left. Danny claims that the salt in the water kept his brain alive, but I don’t understand how that could be, especially since he was thrown into the filthy harbor and not the ocean. After an operation that removed tiny parts of his skull from his brain, and a lengthy stay at the hospital, Danny was brought to the bad place. The worst part was that he lost his ability to rap – he just couldn’t make his mouth rap anymore, at least not as fast as he used to – so he took a vow of silence, which he broke only after looking into my eyes for a very long period of time. Once, I asked Danny who he saw when he looked into my eyes, and he told me he saw his aunt Jasmine. When I asked him why he saw his aunt Jasmine, he told me she was the woman who had raised him up until he became a man. â€Å"Danny?† I say, kneeling before the manger. â€Å"Who are you?† â€Å"It’s Pat Peoples.† â€Å"White Pat from Baltimore?† â€Å"Yeah.† â€Å"How?† â€Å"I don’t know.† â€Å"You’re bloody. What happened?† â€Å"God punished me, but then He led me here.† â€Å"What you do to make God angry?† â€Å"I cursed Him, but I said I was sorry.† â€Å"If you really Pat People, what’s my name?† â€Å"Mad Nipper, a.k.a. Danny.† â€Å"You eat Christmas dinner yet?† â€Å"No.† â€Å"You like ham?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"You wanna eat with me and Aunt Jasmine?† â€Å"Okay.† Danny helps me stand, and when I limp into Aunt Jasmine’s home, it smells of pine needles and baked ham and pineapple sauce. A small Christmas tree is decorated with popcorn strings and colorful blinking lights, two green-and-red stockings are hung on a fake fireplace mantel, and on the television the Eagles are playing the Cowboys. â€Å"Sit down,† Danny says. â€Å"Make yourself at home.† â€Å"I don’t want to get blood on your couch.† â€Å"It’s got a plastic cover, see?† I look, and the couch is really covered with plastic, so I sit down and see that the Eagles are winning, which surprises me, since Dallas was favored. â€Å"I’ve missed you,† Danny says after he sits down next to me. â€Å"You didn’t even say goddamn goodbye when you left.† â€Å"Mom came and got me when you were in music relaxation class. When did you get out of the bad place?† â€Å"Just yesterday. Out on good behavior.† I look at my friend’s face and see that he is serious. â€Å"So you get out of the bad place yesterday, and I just happen to run to your neighborhood and get mugged on your street and find you here?† â€Å"Guess so,† Danny says. â€Å"It sort of seems like a miracle, doesn’t it?† â€Å"Miracles happen on Christmas, Pat. Everybody knows that shit.† But before we can say more, a petite, serious-looking woman – who is wearing huge black-rimmed glasses – walks into the living room and starts screaming, â€Å"Oh, my Lord! Oh, Jesus!† I try to convince Aunt Jasmine I’m okay, but she calls 911, and then I am in an ambulance being driven to Germantown Hospital. When I arrive at the emergency room, Aunt Jasmine prays for me and yells at a lot of people until I am taken to a private room, where my clothes are removed and my wounds are cleaned. I am given an IV while I tell a police officer what happened. After X-rays, the doctors tell me that my leg is really messed up; my mother, Caitlin, and Jake arrive, and then my leg is put in a white cast that starts at my heel and ends just below my hip. I want to apologize to Danny and Aunt Jasmine for ruining their Christmas dinner, but my mother tells me that they left soon after she arrived, which makes me really sad for some reason. When I am finally released from the hospital, a nurse puts a purple sock over my bare toes and gives me a pair of crutches, but Jake pushes me in a wheelchair to his BMW. I have to sit sideways in the backseat, with my feet on Mom’s lap, because of the cast. We drive through North Philadelphia in silence, but when we pull out onto the Schuylkill Expressway, Caitlin says, â€Å"Well, at least we’ll never forget this Christmas.† She means it as a joke, but nobody laughs. â€Å"Why isn’t anyone asking me how I ended up in North Philadelphia?† I ask. After a long pause, my mother says, â€Å"Tiffany called us from a pay phone and told us everything. We were driving around North Philadelphia looking for you when the hospital called your father. He called Jake’s cell phone, and here we are.† â€Å"So I ruined everyone’s Christmas?† â€Å"That crazy bitch ruined our Christmas.† â€Å"Jake,† Mom says. â€Å"Please.† â€Å"Did the Eagles win?† I ask Jake, because I remember that they were winning and am hoping my father will be in a decent mood when I get home. â€Å"Yeah,† Jake says in a clipped way that lets me know he is upset with me. The Eagles beat T.O. and Dallas – in Dallas – on Christmas Day, locking up a play-off spot, and Jake, who has not missed a game since he was in elementary school, misses perhaps the best game of the season because he was searching all of North Philadelphia for his mentally deranged brother. And now I realize why my father is not with the search team – there was no way he’d miss such an important Eagles game, especially against Dallas. I can’t help feeling guilty, as it probably would have been a really nice Christmas, especially since my father would have been in a phenomenal mood, and I am sure my mother prepared food, and Caitlin is even wearing an Eagles jersey, and I keep messing up everyone’s lives, and maybe it would have been better if the muggers had killed me, and †¦ I start to cry, but quietly, so that my mom won’t be upset. â€Å"I’m sorry I made you miss the game, Jake,† I manage to say, but the words make me cry even harder, and soon I am sobbing into my hands again, like a baby. My mother pats my unbroken leg, but no one says anything. We ride the rest of the way home in silence. How to cite The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 40, Essay examples

Measuring Inventory Turnover In Distributive Trade - Free Solution

Question: Discuss about the Measuring Inventory Turnover in Distributive Trade. Answer: Introduction Woolworths operates mainly in New Zealand and Australia with around 3,827 stores and about 205,000 staffs. The primary activities are retail operations across New Zealand operating around 184 countdown supermarkets and wholesale operations that supplies further 64 stores, Australia petrol and food operation around 992 Woolworths supermarkets, 530 petrol canopies and five Thomas Dux stores (Woolworths Limited 2016). In addition, the company activities include hotels operating around 331 hotels including dining, accommodation, bars and gaming operations. The company also has some online operations for its fundamental trading divisions. Woolworths is always competitive on price since it believes that good prices assist in ensuring everybody live and eat well. Its low price promise means that clients could always get low prices on several products they purchase. With these considerations, this report aims to present comparison of financial analysis of Woolworths and Reece Limited Group f or the past two years in order to draw conclusion and recommendations. Basically, this report presents analysis of Woolworths financial performance for the past two years which would help the organization in making decision as to whether it should diversify its shares investment to Woolworths. In essence, the analysis would assist in making recommendations as to whether Woolworths would be a better or attractive investment opportunity for the organization. Gross profit margin is the profitability ration which compares an organizations total sales with sales remaining after subtraction of sales costs. It measures how much of an organizations sales are kept as income or profit (Penman Penman 2007). This metric is a signal of financial viability and success of a specific product. It is usually computed by dividing an organizations gross profit by total sales. With these considerations, gross profit margin ratio for the year 2015 and 2016 for Woolworth is as follows; Based on the above analysis, it is evident that Woolworth gross profit margin experienced a decreasing trend for the last two years moving from 27.20% in the year 2015 to 26.78%. This level of profitability of the company is not acceptable at all since it is not clear whether the same trend would be experienced in the coming year. The changes in gross profit margin are mainly attributed by significant decrease in its sales level over the years as from 58,812 in 2015 to 58,085.7 in 2016. In essence, the change in gross profit margin in Woolworths was mainly attributed by a decrease of 1.2% in sales in the fiscal year 2016 as a result of lower sales in petrol. Furthermore, the change in gross profit margin was mainly due to underlying earnings from the Australian Food and Petrol decreasing by 40.8% on 2016, indicating a lower sales growth due to its investments in lower prices as well as a decrease in items per the basket (Chung AAP 2017). Net Profit Margin Ratio of Woolworths for 2015 and 2016 Net profit margin is usually the financial ratio of the net income to sales for an organization. It is usually expressed as the percentage and it displays how much every dollar collected by an organization as sales is translated into profit (Bernstein Wild 1998). It shows how well an organization converts sales into income. With these considerations, net profit margin of Woolworths for the financial years 2015 and 2016 would be as follows; From the above analysis, it is clear that Woolworths net profit margin decreased as from 5.59% in 2015 to 2.33% in 2016. This level of profitability of Woolworths is not acceptable. This is mainly due to the fact that it is relatively low causing some worries as to what would be expected in the coming years. The change in net income margin is mainly attributed by an increase in operating and impairment expenses over the years with branch expenses increasing as from 10,079.2 in 2015 to 11,010.7 in 2016 while administrative expenses increased as from 2,691.4 in 2015 to 3,260.4 in 2016. In essence, the change in net profit margin for Woolworths was mainly attributed by its recent act of taking around $2.628 billion of the write-downs which was mainly related to its departure from hardware industry as well as its underachieving Big W stores. The decrease in net profit margin was also as a result of lower prices and decrease in the items per basket (Chung AAP 2017). Current Ratios and Quick Ratios of Woolworths for 2015 and 2016 Total current assets for the financial years 2015 and 2016 were 7660.9 and 7,427 respectively whilst total current liabilities for the years 2015 and 2016 were, 9,168.6 and 8,992.7 respectively (Woolworths Limited 2016). Thus, given that current ratio is usually equal to total current assets subdivided by the total current liabilities, the current ratio of Woolworths for the years 2015 and 2016 is as follows; Based on the current ratio analysis above, it can be stated that for the past two years, Woolworth current ratio decreased as from 0.84 in 2015 to 0.83 in 2016. These figures are far below 1 meaning that for the past two years the company has been experiencing some difficulties in settling its short-term debts using its short-term assets. In essence, the figures show that the level of liquidity of the company is not acceptable since it means that if not checked the company would liquidate or become bankrupt. Further, based on the figures, it is evident that Woolworth quick ratio experienced an increasing trend moving from 0.304 in 2015 to 0.319 in 2016. Despite this increase in quick ratio, the figures are too low meaning that the level of liquidity is relatively low for the company. In addition, the level of liquidity is not acceptable since it is relatively low meaning that the company has been experiencing some difficulties in settling its short-term liabilities using its most liquid assets. In essence, the decrease in the current and quick ratio for Woolworths is mainly attributed by a significant increase in the companys current assets as from 9,168.6 in 2015 to around 8,992.7 in 2016. Furthermore, the recent events with the Masters Home Improvement has also attributed to the change in current and quick ratio over the years. Total current assets for the financial years 2015 and 2016 were for Reece Limited Group were 756,720 and 858,230 respectively whilst total current liabilities for the years 2015 and 2016 were, 374,761 and 420,006 respectively (Reece Limited Group 2016). With these aspects, current ratio for the company for the years 2015 and 2016 is as follows; As from the above results, it is evident that Reece Limited current ratio increased as from 2.02 in 2015 to 2.04 in 2016. This is a signal that for the last two years, Reece Limited Group has been having an easy time in settling its short-term liabilities using its short-term assets. This implies that the organization does not have any risk of being bankrupt in future. Based on the above results, it is clear that Reece quick ratio increased as from 1.044 in 2015 to 1.077 in 2016. This is a clear signal that Reece has been not struggling to repay its short-term debts using its most liquid assets. Inventory Turnover and Inventory Turnover in Days for Woolworths and Reece Limited for 2015 and 2016 Inventory turnover in days is usually the number of days divided by inventory turnover ratio. It is the manner of measuring average time needed for an organization to convert inventories to sales (Gaur, Fisher Raman 2005). With these considerations, inventory turnover in days for Woolworths for the year 2015 and 2016 would be as follows; Inventory turnover is usually the financial ratio used in measuring the rate at which an organization purchases as well as resells its products to consumers (Kari?, Kristek Vidovi? 2013). In essence, inventory turnover is the efficiency ratio that is used in calculating number of times an organization sells as well as replaces its whole batch of the inventories. It is usually computed by dividing cost of the goods sold by its inventories (Schreibfeder 1997).With these considerations, inventory turnover for Woolworth for the financial years 2015 and 2016 were; Based on the above analysis, it is evident that Woolworths inventory turnover in days decreased while Reece Limited inventory turnover in days increased over the years. This is a clear indication that Woolworths spend fewer finances in forming inventories while Reece Limited is spending huge amount. Furthermore, based on inventory turnover of the two companies, it is evident that Reece Limited was more efficient in turning its inventories to sales as compared to Woolworths which was taking more time to convert its inventories. Comparison of Level of Liquidity between Woolworths and Reece Limited Group Based on the current ratios for Woolworths and Reece Limited Group, it is evident that Woolworths is less liquid as compared to Reece Limited. This is based on the fact that Woolworths current ratios for the past two years was relatively low as compared to Reece Limited and was even far below 1 meaning that Woolworths was experiencing some difficulties in settling its short-term debts using its short-term assets contrary to Reece Limited which had higher current ratios meaning that it was having an easy time in settling its short-term debts. In addition, Woolworths is less liquid since its quick ratio for the past two years was lower than that one of Reece Limited and that it was far below 1 meaning that it was experiencing difficulties in settling its current liabilities using its most liquid assets contrary to Reece Limited. In essence, the level of liquidity of Woolworths is not acceptable to me since it is quite low as compared to its competitor and it is relatively below 1 meani ng that the company is at risk of liquidating or being bankrupt. Debt to Equity and Debt to Total Assets of Woolworths and Reece Limited for 2015 and 2016 Debt to equity is usually equal to total liabilities divided by the total shareholders equity (Hovakimian, Opler Titman 2001). Thus, the debt to equity for Woolworth Reece for the years 2015 and 2016 would be as follows; Further, debt to assets ratio is usually equal to total debts/total assets. Hence, debt to assets ratio for Woolworth would be; Based on the above calculations, it is evident that the level of long-term solvency of Woolworths is not acceptable at all. This is based on the fact that Woolworths has a higher debt to equity ratio which is above one meaning that it relies more on debt financing instead of its shareholders equity. In addition, the level of long-term solvency for Woolworths is not acceptable since its debt to assets shows an increasing trend over the past two years as meaning that it might increase in future. The change of debt to equity as well as debt to asset ratio was mainly attributed by an increase in the companys level of total liabilities and its decrease in the level of total assets and total shareholders equity in year 2016. Conclusion In conclusion, I would not recommend the employer purchase of the Woolworths shares. This is based on the fact that the Woolworth has higher debt to equity ratio, meaning that it heavily depends on debt financing instead of equity in financing its primary operations. In addition, given the fact that Woolworths has higher debt to assets ratio for the past two years as compared to Reece Limited Group, it is not recommended for the employer to purchase Woolworth shares since it means that the company rely on debt finances in financing its assets as compared to Reece Limited Group. Therefore, based on the above analysis, I would not recommend my employer to purchase Woolworthss shares since in the first place the company has poor liquidity level as well as unacceptable long-term solvency level meaning that it is at risk of being bankrupt or liquidating in future. References Bernstein, LA Wild, J 1998, Financial statement analysis: theory, application, and interpretation. Irwin Professional Publishing. Chung, F AAP 2017, Woolworths unveils $1.235 billion loss; Viewed at 6th May 2017 from; https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/woolworths-unveils-1235-billion-loss/news-story/5a6cd1f33658f536b47d95b305c5bc67 Gaur, V, Fisher, ML Raman, A 2005, An econometric analysis of inventory turnover performance in retail services, Management science, 51(2), 181-194. Hovakimian, A, Opler, T Titman, S 2001, The debt-equity choice, Journal of Financial and Quantitative analysis, 36(1). Kari?, M, Kristek, I Vidovi?, M 2013, Measuring the inventory turnover in distributive trade, In Business Logistics in Modern Management, 13th international scientific conference. Penman, SH Penman, SH 2007, Financial statement analysis and security valuation (p. 476). New York: McGraw-Hill. Reece Limited Group 2016, Reece Limited Group annual report 2016; Viewed at 6th May 2017 from; https://www.reecegroup.com.au/assets/Uploads/F2016-Reece-Limited-Annual-Report.pdf Schreibfeder, J 1997, Why is inventory turnover important, Effective Inventory Management Inc., Coppel TX. Woolworths Limited 2016, Woolworths Limited annual report 2016; Viewed at 6th May 2017 from; https://wow2016ar.qreports.com.au/home/pdf/download-centre.html